ABSTRACT
African pear (Dacryodes edulis) stores badly and in many cases is consumed raw without washing. The study was carried out to evaluate the presence of pathogenic bacterial contaminant and pulpy mesocarp of fresh and deteriorated Dacryodes edulis fruit sold in different locations of Umuahia metropolis. Twenty samples comprising fresh and deteriorated (Dacryodes edulis) fruits were analyzed for bacterial contamination. One gram of the pulpy mesocarp of each sample was sliced into tiny pieces and soaked into 5ml of physiological saline from where 10 fold serial dilutions where made. This was streaked in Blood, Nutrient, MacConkey and Manitol Salt Agar and incubated aerobically at 370 for 24hrs. Bacterial isolates were identified by standard bacteriological methods. Bacterial isolates in the study includes Escherichia coli 16 (25%), Klebsiella spp, 11 (17.19%), Proteus spp 8 (12.5%), Coans 6 (9.38%), S.aureus 7 (10.94%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4 (6.25%), Streptococcus spp 7 (10.94%), Bacillus spp 5 (7.81%). Comparative analyses of bacterial diversity in fresh and deteriorated sample revealed a pattern of complete absence of staphylococci organism in the deteriorated samples. Mean microbial loads ranged from 1.5×103 -6.0×103 and 2.0×105 _ 1.5×105 in the fresh and deteriorated samples respectively. Antibiotics susceptibility pattern was done by disc diffusion technique. The isolates where susceptible to most of the antibiotics used.
Table of Contents
TITLE PAGE
CERTIFICATION ii
DEDICATION iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS v
LIST OF TABLES ix
ABSTRACT x
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background Of Study 2
1.2 Aim of study 2
1.3 Objectives of the study 2
1.4 Limitations 3
CHAPTER THREE
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW 4
2.1 Botanic description 4
2.2 Habitat 5
2.3 Biology 5
2.4 Ecology and biophysical limits 5
2.5 Products 6
2.5.1 Food 6
2.5.2 Fodder 6
2.5.3 Apiculture 7
2.5.4 Timber 7
2.5.5 Gum or resin 7
2.5.6 Earthenware 7
2.5.7 Tanning or dyestuff 7
2.5.8 Lipids 8
2.5.9 Essential oil 8
2.5.10 Medicine 8
2.6 SERVICES 9
2.6.1 Shade of shelter 9
2.6.2 Ornamental 9
2.6.3 Soil improver 9
2.6.4 Intercropping 9
2.6.5 Tree management 10
2.7 Germplasm management 10
2.8 Pests and diseases 10
2.8.1 Diseases 10
2.8.2 Pest 10
2.9 Health benefits of African pear consumption: a review 11
2.10 Bacterial associated with surface contamination and spoilage of African pear (dacryodes edulis) 12
2.10.1 Escheriachia coli. 12
2.10.2 Klebsiella specie 13
2.10.3 Staphylococcus aureus 14
2.10.4 Other Staphylococcus specie 15
2.10.5 Bacillus subtilis 15
2.10.6 Pseudomonas aeruginosa 16
2.10.7 Proteus specie 16
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Materials and Methods 18
3.1 Study area 18
3.2 Materials and Reagents 18
3.3 Sample collections 18
3.4 Sample preparation, Innoculation and Isolation 19
3.5 Media preparation 19
3.6 Sterility 19
3.7 Isolation and Identification of Bacterial isolate 20
3.8 Determination of Bacterial load 20
3.9 Characterization of Bacterial isolates 20
3.9.1 Gram staining 20
3.9.2 Catalase test 21
3.9.3 Coagulase test 21
3.9.4 Citrate test 21
3.9.5 Motility, Indole, Urease test (MIU) 22
3.9.6 Triple sugar iron test 22
3.9.7 Oxidase test 23
3.10 Antibiotic sensitivity test 23
3.11 Data analysis 23
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Result 24
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Discussion 32
5.1 Conclusion and Recommendation 33
REFERENCES 34
JENNIFER, M (2020). BACTERIA ASSOCIATED WITH THE CONTAMINATION AND SPOILAGE OF AFRICAN PEAR (Dacryodes edulis) SOLD IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF UMUAHIA METROPOLIS, ABIA STATE. Mouau.afribary.org: Retrieved Nov 24, 2024, from https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/bacteria-associated-with-the-contamination-and-spoilage-of-african-pear-dacryodes-edulis-sold-in-different-parts-of-umuahia-metropolis-abia-state
MOUAU/11/18812, JENNIFER. "BACTERIA ASSOCIATED WITH THE CONTAMINATION AND SPOILAGE OF AFRICAN PEAR (Dacryodes edulis) SOLD IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF UMUAHIA METROPOLIS, ABIA STATE" Mouau.afribary.org. Mouau.afribary.org, 29 Apr. 2020, https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/bacteria-associated-with-the-contamination-and-spoilage-of-african-pear-dacryodes-edulis-sold-in-different-parts-of-umuahia-metropolis-abia-state. Accessed 24 Nov. 2024.
MOUAU/11/18812, JENNIFER. "BACTERIA ASSOCIATED WITH THE CONTAMINATION AND SPOILAGE OF AFRICAN PEAR (Dacryodes edulis) SOLD IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF UMUAHIA METROPOLIS, ABIA STATE". Mouau.afribary.org, Mouau.afribary.org, 29 Apr. 2020. Web. 24 Nov. 2024. < https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/bacteria-associated-with-the-contamination-and-spoilage-of-african-pear-dacryodes-edulis-sold-in-different-parts-of-umuahia-metropolis-abia-state >.
MOUAU/11/18812, JENNIFER. "BACTERIA ASSOCIATED WITH THE CONTAMINATION AND SPOILAGE OF AFRICAN PEAR (Dacryodes edulis) SOLD IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF UMUAHIA METROPOLIS, ABIA STATE" Mouau.afribary.org (2020). Accessed 24 Nov. 2024. https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/bacteria-associated-with-the-contamination-and-spoilage-of-african-pear-dacryodes-edulis-sold-in-different-parts-of-umuahia-metropolis-abia-state