Prevalence Of Salmonella Species Isolated From From Intestinal Fluid Of Cows From Ubakala Abattoir.

ABSTRACT

 The prevalence of salmonella species isolated from intestinal fluid of cows in Ubakala Town, Umuahia South Abattoir Abia State, was investigated. A total of 70 samples were collected from different slaughtered cows using a sterile swab sticks. Out of the 70 (100%) samples collected 40 (60%) were positive for salmonella species. The high prevalence of Salmonella species in this study is of great public health concern since salmonella infectious are zoonotic in nature. 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page ﾿ i

Cover page                                                                      ﾿ ii                                                                                                       

Certification                                                                                                      ﾿ iii                                                                                                                                                                                           Acknowledgements                                                                                            ﾿ iv                                                                                            

Table of contents                                                                                                ﾿ v                                                                                                

List of Tables                                                                                                        ﾿ vii

Abstract                                                                                                              ﾿ viii

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 ﾿ INTROUCTION ﾿ 1

CHAPTER TWO

2.0       LITERATURE REVIEW ﾿ 2

2.1 ﾿ Salmonella as Disease Causing Agent ﾿ 2

2.2 ﾿ Etiology and Characteristics ﾿ 3

2.3 ﾿ Sources of Infection ﾿ 3

2.4 ﾿ Transmission of Salmonella ﾿ 4

2.5 ﾿ Human Salmonella Infection ﾿ 4

2.6 ﾿ Enterocolitis ﾿ 6

2.7 ﾿ Transmission to Human ﾿ 6

2.8 ﾿ Treatment of Salmonella ﾿ 8

2.9 ﾿ Classes of Antibiotics Used in Treatment of Salmonella Infection ﾿ 8

2.10     Mode of Action ﾿ 9

2.11 ﾿ Antimicrobial Drug Resistance in Salmonella, Problems and Perspective ﾿

﾿ In Food and Water Borne Infection. ﾿ 10

2.12      Mechanisms of Resistance ﾿ 11

2.13 ﾿ Prevention and Control in Human ﾿ 12

2.14 ﾿ Prevention and Control in Animals ﾿ 13

2.15 ﾿ General Prevention and Control ﾿ 14

CHAPTER THREE

3.0 ﾿ MATERIALS AND METHODS ﾿ 15

3.1 ﾿ Study Area ﾿ 15

3.2 ﾿ Collection of Samples ﾿ 15

3.3 ﾿ Sterilization of Materials ﾿ 15

3.4 ﾿ Preparation of Culture Media ﾿ 15

3.5 ﾿ Identification of the Isolates ﾿ 16

3.6 ﾿ Gram Staining ﾿ 16

3.7 ﾿ Motility Test ﾿ 16

3.8 ﾿ Sugar Fermentation Test ﾿ 17

3.9 ﾿ Indole Test ﾿ 17

3.10 ﾿ Methyl Red Test ﾿ 17

3.11 ﾿ Citrate Utilization Test ﾿ 18

3.12 ﾿ Urea Test ﾿ 18

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0     RESULTS ﾿ 19

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0 ﾿ DISCUSSION, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ﾿ 22

5.1 ﾿ Discussion ﾿ 22

5.2 ﾿ Conclusion ﾿ 22

5.3 ﾿ Recommendations ﾿ 22

References ﾿ 24