Practicable Strategies For Improving Hygienic Conditions Of University Hostels In Abia State

ABSTRACT

The study focused on the strategies for improving hygienic conditions of hostels in universities in Abia State using student’s hostels in Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State University and Rhema University hostel. Six research question were formulated. Population of the study consisted of Male and Female students living in the hostels. Data were collected with questionnaire. Mean was used to analyze the data collected. The findings revealed the various hygienic facilities available to students’ residing in the hostel, personal cleanliness adopted by students, environmental cleanliness, and number of cleaning staff employed to clean the hostel. The study further revealed the hygienic problems faced by students were identified such as improper waste disposal, inadequate drainage systems, lack of water facilities, pests and rodents’ infestation, air pollution etc. Finally, practicable strategies for improving the hygienic condition of hostels in universities in Abia State to include provision of adequate facilities by management, good personal and environmental hygiene by students, organizing workshops and seminar concerning environmental hygiene by schools, provision of adequate sanitary facilities by management, employment of more cleaning staffs, provision of adequate refuse disposal units and adequate water facilities by the school management.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page ﾿ i

Certification Page ﾿ ii

Dedication ﾿ iii

Acknowledgement ﾿ iv

Table of Contents ﾿ v

List of Figures ﾿ vii

List of Tables ﾿ viii

Abstract ﾿ ix

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION ﾿ 1

1.1 ﾿ Background of the Study ﾿ 1

1.2 ﾿ Statement of Problem ﾿ 4

1.3 ﾿ Significance of the Study ﾿ 6

1.4 ﾿ Specific Objectives ﾿ 8

1.5 ﾿ Research Questions ﾿ 9

1.6 ﾿ Scope of the Study ﾿ 9

1.7 ﾿ Definition of Operational Terms ﾿ 9

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW ﾿ 10

2.1 ﾿ Conceptual Framework ﾿ 10

2.2 ﾿ Theoretical Framework ﾿ 11

2.2.1 ﾿ Germ theory ﾿ 11

2.2.2 ﾿ Florence Nightingale’s environmental theory ﾿ 12

2.2.3 ﾿ Public health ﾿ 14

2.2.4 ﾿ Miasma theory ﾿ 15

2.3 ﾿ Review of Related Empirical Literature ﾿ 16

2.3.1 ﾿ Environmental sanitation ﾿ 16

2.3.2 ﾿ Importance of environmental sanitation ﾿ 17

2.3.3 ﾿ Disease and environmental sanitation ﾿ 18

2.3.4 ﾿ Foodborne illness ﾿ 18

2.3.5 ﾿ Personal hygiene ﾿ 21

2.3.6 ﾿ Environmental hygiene of university hostels ﾿ 27

2.4       Theoretical Framework/Orientation ﾿ 30

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ﾿ 32

3.1 ﾿ Design of the Study ﾿ 32

3.2 ﾿ Area of the Study ﾿ 33

3.3 ﾿ Population for the Study ﾿ 33

3.4 ﾿ Sample Size and Sampling Technique ﾿ 33

3.4.1 ﾿ Sample Size ﾿ 33

3.4.2 ﾿ Sample Technique ﾿ 33

3.5 ﾿ Instrument for Data Collection ﾿ 34

3.6 ﾿ Validation of Instrument ﾿ 35

3.7 ﾿ Reliability of Instrument ﾿ 35

3.8 ﾿ Data Analysis Technique ﾿ 35

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS ﾿ 36

4.1 ﾿ Introduction ﾿ 36

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ﾿ 51

5.1 ﾿ Summary ﾿ 51

5.2 ﾿ Conclusion ﾿ 52

5.3 ﾿ Recommendations ﾿ 52

REFERENCES