Isolation And Antibiotic Sensitivity Profile Of Salmonella Typhi Isolated From Stools Of Female Students Of Michael Okpara University Of Agriculture Umudike
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ABSTRACT
Hundred (100) stool samples were collected from the female students of the Michael Okpara University of agriculture, umudike hostels, to isolate and determine the antibiotic sensitivity profile of Salmonella typhi. The stool samples were subjected to laboratory analysis to isolate the organism and the antibiotic sensitivity profile of the isolates was determined using disc diffusion method. Out of the 100 samples collected, only 38% produced significant growth, while the remaining 62% did not produce significant growth. Antibiotic sensitivity test was carried out on the 38 isolates and 30 (78%) were sensitive to Nitrofurantoin followed by Ofloxacin with 32 (84%). These drugs showed greatest antibiotic activity against the isolated Salmonella typhi. This work shows that healthy individuals can serve as a source of transmission of typhoid fever as its causative agent was isolated from healthy students, and therefore calls for proper hygiene practices among students.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page ﾿ ﾿ i
Certification ﾿ ﾿ ii
Dedication ﾿ ﾿ iii
Acknowledgement ﾿ ﾿ iv
Table of contents ﾿ v
List of tables ﾿ vi
Abstract ﾿ vii
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 ﾿ INTRODUCTION ﾿ I
1.1Aims and objective ﾿ 4
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 ﾿ LITERATURE REVIEW ﾿ 5
2.1 Historical background ﾿ 5
2.2 Microbiological characteristics ﾿ 6
2.2.1 Colonial characteristics ﾿ 7
2.3 EPIDEMIOLOGY ﾿ 8
2.4 PATHOGENESIS OF salmonella typhi ﾿ 8
2.5 THE DISEASE ﾿ 9
2.6 SYMPTOMS ﾿ 9
2.6.1 Magnitude of the problem ﾿ 11
2.6.2 Case definition ﾿ 13
2.7 TRANSMISSION ﾿ 14
2.8 PREVENTION ﾿ 15
2.9 DIAGNOSIS OF TYPHOID FEVER ﾿ 16
2.9.1 SPECIMENS ﾿ 17
2.9.2 Blood ﾿ 17
2.9.3 Serum 19
2.9.4 Stool sample 19
2.10 ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY TEST FOR TYPHOID FEVER 19
2.10.1 STORAGE OF TYPHOID ORGANISM ﾿ 21
2.11. TREATMENT ﾿ 21
2.11.1 General Management ﾿ 21
2.11.2AntimicrobialTherapy ﾿ 22
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 MATERIALS AND METHOD ﾿ 27
3.1 COLLECTION OF SAMPLES (STOOL) ﾿ 27
3.1.2 PREPARATION OF CULTURE MEDIA ﾿ 27
3.2 INNOCULATION OF PLATES ﾿ 27
3.3 MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION ﾿ 27
3.4 GRAM STAINING ﾿ 28
3.5 CATALASE TEST ﾿ 28
3.6ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY TESTING ﾿ 28
3.7 READING OF ZONES OF INHIBITION ﾿ 29
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 RESULTS ﾿ 30
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 DISCUSSION ﾿ 36
5.1 CONCLUSION ﾿ 38
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APA
OJUKWU, & MOUAU/12/21445, J. C. (2020). Isolation And Antibiotic Sensitivity Profile Of Salmonella Typhi Isolated From Stools Of Female Students Of Michael Okpara University Of Agriculture Umudike. Michael Okpara University of Agriculture. Retrieved June 8, 2026, from http://repository.mouau.edu.ng/works/isolation-and-antibiotic-sensitivity-profile-of-salmonella-typhi-isolated-from-stools-of-female-students-of-michael-okpara-university-of-agriculture-umudike
MLA
OJUKWU, and JANET CHIAMAKA MOUAU/12/21445. "Isolation And Antibiotic Sensitivity Profile Of Salmonella Typhi Isolated From Stools Of Female Students Of Michael Okpara University Of Agriculture Umudike." Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, 11 May. 2020, http://repository.mouau.edu.ng/works/isolation-and-antibiotic-sensitivity-profile-of-salmonella-typhi-isolated-from-stools-of-female-students-of-michael-okpara-university-of-agriculture-umudike. Accessed June 8, 2026.
Chicago
OJUKWU, and JANET CHIAMAKA MOUAU/12/21445. "Isolation And Antibiotic Sensitivity Profile Of Salmonella Typhi Isolated From Stools Of Female Students Of Michael Okpara University Of Agriculture Umudike." Michael Okpara University of Agriculture (2020). Accessed June 8, 2026. http://repository.mouau.edu.ng/works/isolation-and-antibiotic-sensitivity-profile-of-salmonella-typhi-isolated-from-stools-of-female-students-of-michael-okpara-university-of-agriculture-umudike