Evaluation Of Antidiarrhoea, Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Potential Of Ethahol Extract Of Spondias Mombin Linn. Leaf On Male Wistar Albino Rats:- Marizu, Oluchi O

ABSTRACT Spondias mombin linn is a common flowering plant that is commonly called hog plum and it belongs to the family Anacardiaceae. All parts ofthe plant are reported to be medicinally useful for several ailments such as post partum infections of the uterus. In this study, antioxidant, antidiarrhea and antimicrobial potentials of spondias mombin was investigated. In the antidiarrhea activity study the method described by Vijayalakshmi et al. (2000) was used. The positive control group which received standard drug (0.5mg/kg ofloperamide) had the smallest faecal out put (0.18±0.04) followed by the grow up that received the lowest concentration of the extract (125mg/ml) which gave a faecal output of 0.26±0.04 while the group that received the normal saline (0.5mg/kg) had the output 1.06±0.08. The group that received the highest concentration of extract (2000mg/ml) have a faecal output of 2.88±0.04. The antimicrobial screening ofthe leaf extract was determined using agar well diffusion method. The seven strains of bacteria used were (E.coli, P. mirabilis, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, C. jejuni, S. tyhi and K. pneumonia) exhibited significant antimicrobial activity of (lOOOmg/ml) 29.00±1.00, 29.00±1.00, 28.00+1.00, 43.00±1.00, 21.00±1.00, 31.00±1.00, 22.00±0.00 respectively. While at lowest concentration of leaf extract (62.5mg/ml) their antimicrobial activity was 0.00±0.00, 29.00±1.00, 0.00±0.00, 3.00±1.00, 0.00±0.00, 3.00±0.00, 0.00±0.00 respectively, the standard drug at 500mg/ml exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity of 55.00±1.00, 46.33±0.58, 35.00±1.00, 51.00±1.00, 45.00±1.00, 67.00±1.00, 37.00±1.00 for all the seven strains of antimicrobial activity. The effectiveness of S.mombin extract in inhibiting microbial growth is concentration dependent. The MIC values gotten indicates that P.aeruginosa has the lowest resistance with MIC value of 62.5mg/ml. E.coli, K. pneumonia, and C. jejuni has the highest resistance with MIC value of 250mg/ml. Thus lower MIC value indicates lower antimicrobial activity and the highest MIC value indicates higher antimicrobial activity. The invitro antioxidant screening of DPPH, anti-lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide inhibition was determined using the method described by Jaiswal et al., 2011, Mensor et al., 2001 and Dinakaran et al., 2011 respectively for all the three methods used. The leaf extract showed significant antioxidant activity at the highest concentration (200mg/ml) giving antioxidant activity of 70.30±4.27, 77.51±5.95, 71.60±2.50 respectively. The standard drug (vitamin C) at lOOmg/ml gave antioxidant activity of 97.67±0.58, 99.05±0.24, 98.52, respectively for all the three methods used and the lowest concentration of was non-significant of the antioxidant activity for all the three 50 value for DPPH, anti-lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide calculated to be 35.15mg/ml, 39.93mg/ml, and 45.75mg/ml