Comparative Study Of Antibacterial Activity Of Garcinia Kola (Bitter Kola), Erythromycin And Penicillin

ABSTRACT

Extracts of   seed of Garcinia kola were used to determine the antibacterial properties of the extract. Methanol and ethanol were used for the extraction. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC; mg/ml) and Minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC; mg/ml) of the extract as well as zones of inhibition of the extract were determined. Seed extract of Garcinia kola was more effective in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus at 25mg/ml concentration. The variation in the antibacterial activities is presumed to be due to different active compounds present in the extract. The aim of this research is to determine the antibacterial activity of Garcinia kola extracts on some test organisms. The findings of this research concluded that the antibacterial effect and inhibitory concentration of Garcina kola was more effective in modern day use of traditional medicine. 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page ﾿ i

Declaration ﾿ ii

Certification ﾿ iii

Dedication ﾿ iv

Acknowledgement ﾿ v

Table of Contents ﾿ vi

List of Tables ﾿ viii

Abstract ﾿ ix

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 ﾿ Introduction ﾿ 1

1.1 ﾿ Aims and objectives ﾿ 4

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 ﾿ Literature review ﾿ 5

2.1 ﾿ Garcinia kola (bitter kola) ﾿ 5

2.2 ﾿ Scientific classification ﾿ 16

2.3 ﾿ Common names ﾿ 16

2.4 ﾿ Traditional uses and medicinal values ﾿ 17

2.5 ﾿ Scientific research on Garcinia kola ﾿ 18

2.5.1 ﾿ Chemical constituents ﾿ 18

2.5.2 ﾿ Anti-microbial properties ﾿ 18

2.5.3 ﾿ Anti-diabetic properties ﾿ 19

2.5.4 ﾿ Hepatoprotective and anti-oxidant activities ﾿ 19

2.5.5 ﾿ Effects on fertility ﾿ 19

2.5.6 ﾿ Other studies on Garcinia kola ﾿ 20

CHAPTER THREE

3.0 ﾿ Materials and methods ﾿ 22

3.1 ﾿ Preparation of plant extract ﾿ 22

3.2 ﾿ Orthodox antibiotics ﾿ 22

3.3 ﾿ Test microorganisms ﾿ 22

3.4 ﾿ Antimicrobial susceptibility testing ﾿ 23

3.5 ﾿ Determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC90) ﾿ 23

3.6 ﾿ Determination of maximum bactericidal concentration (MBC) ﾿ 24

CHAPTER FOUR       

4.0      Results ﾿ 25

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0       Discussion and conclusion ﾿ 29

5.1 ﾿ Discussion ﾿ 29

5.2 ﾿ Conclusion ﾿ 30

References ﾿ 31