Bacteriological Analysis Of Stream Water (A Case Study Of Nneme Stream Of Isiala Ngwa North L.G.A Of Abia State)

ABSTRACT

Bacteriological Quality of Nneme stream water was carried out in Isiala Ngwa North Local Government Area of Abia state, Nigeria. The Nneme stream was selected in this study because the stream has been an ancient source of water supply for drinking and other domestic uses. Feacal and total coliform counts were performed using multiple tube techniques. The feacal coliform and the E. coli count exceeding acceptable limits are indicative of pollution for domestic waste from several informal settlement located along the stream bank. The gross pollution of the stream exposes the local people which depend on it for their primary water source to serious health risk.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page ﾿ 1

Certification ﾿               ﾿ II

Dedication ﾿     ﾿           III

Acknowledgement ﾿     ﾿ IV

Table of Contents ﾿            V

List of Tables ﾿ VI

Abstracts ﾿ VII

Chapter One      ﾿            1 ﾿

1.0 Introduction ﾿             1

1.1 ﾿ Statement of problem ﾿             2

1.2 ﾿ Aim of study ﾿     ﾿    2

1.2.1 Objectives of study ﾿    2

1.3 ﾿ Significance of study ﾿    2

Chapter Two ﾿    4

2.0 Literature Review ﾿              4

2.1 Water ﾿    4

2.2 Sources of Water ﾿    5 

2.2.1 Atomospheric water ﾿    5

2.2.2 Surface water ﾿    5

2.2.3 Ground water ﾿    6

2.3 Water Quality Assessment ﾿    6

2.3.1 Physical qualities of water ﾿ 6

2.3.2 Microbiological qualities of water ﾿ 8

2.3.3 Indicator Organism ﾿ 9

2.4 Thermotolerant Coliform Bacteria ﾿ 10

2.5 Coliform organisms (Total Coliform) ﾿ 11

2.6 Faecal Streptococci ﾿ 12

2.7 Significance of water to man and other organisms ﾿ 15

Chapter Three ﾿ 17

3.0 Materials & Methods ﾿ 17

3.1 Study Area ﾿ 17

3.2 Methods of study ﾿ 17

3.2.1 Sample collection ﾿ 17

3.3 ﾿ Bacteriology Analysis ﾿ 18

3.4 ﾿ Characterization and Identification of Bacteria Isolates

3.5 ﾿ Analysis of water for Coliform and Thermotolerant of Faecal Coliform.

3.6. ﾿ Typical Sample volumes and numbers  of tubes for multiple tube

3.6.1 The Presumptive test ﾿ 19

3.7 ﾿ Ejikma test ﾿ 19 ﾿

Chapter Four ﾿ 21

4.0 Results ﾿ 21

Chapter Five ﾿ 28

5.0 Discussion and Conclusion ﾿ 28

5.1 Discussion ﾿ 28

5.1 Conclusion ﾿ 29

5.2 Recommendation ﾿ 29

References ﾿ 30