Substitution Of African Yam Bean Meal (Sphenostylis Stenocarpa) For Groundnut Cake In Broiler

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page

Certification II

Declaration. III

Dedication iv

Acknowledgement V

List of Tables vi'

Table of contents

Abstract xi

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Introduction I

The Justification and Objectives .. 5

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review . 6

2.1 Agronomical Background Of African Yam Bean... . 6

2.2 Nutritional Composition of African yam Bean .. 8

2.3 Nutritional Composition of Groundnut Cake .. 14

2.4 Factors that limit the Uses of Legumes . ... . 19

2.4.1 Flatulence Factors .. 19

2.4.2 Anti-nutritional Factors (ANFs) ... . 20

2.5 Protease Inhibitor . 22

2.5.1 Trypsin Inhibitors ... 22

2.5.2 Effects of Legumes on Birds ... 24

2.5.3 Effects of Anti-nutritional Factors 26

2.5.4 Carcass Characteristic and Organic Weights ... .. 29

2.5.5 Economic Evaluation .. . 30

CHAPTER THREE

3.0 Materials and Methods ... . 32

3.1 Processing of the Test Ingredient ... . 32

3.2 The Experimental Site ... ... ... 32

3.3 Experimental Diets and their Composition.. ... 33

3.4 Experimental Animals and their Management . 34

3.5 Analytical Techniques ... .. 35

3.6 Parameters Measured ... . 36

3.7 StatisticalAnalysis . 36

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 Results And Discussion 37

4.1 Percent Composition of Diets Containing Varying Levels of

African Yam Bean Meal fed to Broiler Chicks (1-28 days)... 38

4.2 Percent Composition of Diets Containing Varying Levels of

African Yam Bean Meal fed to Broiler Chicks (29-56 days)... 39

4.3 Performance Characteristics of Broiler Chicks Fed African

Yam Bean Meal at varying graded levels (starter phase) ... 40

4.4 Performance Characteristics of Broiler Chicks Fed African

Yam Bean Meal at varying graded levels (finisher phase)... 41

4.5 Feed Cost Analysis of Broiler Birds Fed Different

Treatment of AYBM for 1-8 week ... . 42

CHAPTER FIVE

Conclusion and Recommendation ...

References..

Appendix

 ABSTRACT

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the substitution value of African Yam Bean Meal for Groundnut cake in broiler ration using 144 day- old broiler chicks in a completely randomized design experiment. The study, which was carried out in two phases (starter and finisher) lasted for Eight weeks. The 144 — unsexed chicks of Anak Strain were randomly allocated to 6 dietary treatments, each replicated into 3 with each replicates having 8 chicks. The diets were designated as diets 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. Diet 1 (control) had groundnut cake meal as the major plant protein source while diets 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 had their groundnut cake meal respectively substituted 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and at 100% both at the starter and finisher phases. Each diet was offered adlib to the birds. Proximate analysis showed that the African yam bean meal had a crude protein content of 25.95%, Crude fibre, 7.60%, Crude fat, 2.24% and ash, 535%. At the starter phase, there was no significant difference (P>0.05) among the various parameters considered. The mean daily feed intake ranged between 42.05 (D2) and 45.44 (Dl) while the mean daily weight gain ranged from 13.6g (D5) to 19.139 (Dl) Feed conversion ratio diet 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 were 2.47, 2.69, 3.13, 2.83, 3.22, and 3.03 respectively. At the finisher phase, only the mean daily feed intake showed significant difference (P<0.05) among treatment means. The feed conversion ratio of the birds fed diets 3, 4, 5 and 6 were numerically better than that of diets I and 2. The total cost of feed intake (N) for birds fed diets 2, 3 and 4 showed that inclusion of African yam Bean at these levels would be economically advantageous. In conclusion, the substitutional value of African Yam Bean meat for groundnut cake meal seems to have capacity for enhancing productive performance and at least cost especially when

substituted at 20%, 40% and 60%.