Productivity And Nutritional Composition Of Pleurotusostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm. Fruit-Bodies Cultivated On Three Different Substrates

ABSTRACT

This work involved the investigation of the effect of different substrates (Andropogongayanus, Pennisetumpurpureum andPanicum maximum) on the yield, proximate composition and mineral composition of Pleurotusostreatusvarflorida. The highest gross yield fruit-bodies was obtained from the substrate Andropogongayanus(1059.84%), followed byPanicum maximum (568.4%), while the least was found in Pennisetumpurpureum (202%). Similarly the fruit-bodies of substrates Andropogongayanus weighed more than those from other substrates for both fresh and dry weight. Based on the proximate composition, carbohydrate was found to be highest (72.03±1.52) in mushrooms harvested from P. purpureum, followed by P. maximum (71.39±0.83) while fruit bodies harvested from A. gayanus gave the lowest (70.69±1.72). Ether extract in all the fruit bodies was the lowest among all the parameters studied at (0.38±0.03) in P. purpureum(0.30±0.02) in A. gayanusand (0.20±0.02) in P. maximum. Based on the mineral composition, Result showed that all the fruit-bodies obtained from A. gayanus substrate contained appreciable amount of Calcium (1.60±0.20), Potassium (2.35±0.05), Magnesium (31.26±0.035) and Sodium (2.20±0.20). Similarly, fruit bodies obtained from P. maximum had the highest (75.74±0.035) concentration of Phosphorus while there was no significant difference in the amount of sulphur contained in fruit-bodies harvested in all the substrates at p≤0.05. However, the lowest (0.70±0.10) Calcium composition was recorded in mushrooms harvested from P. purpureum. Likewise P. maximum gave the lowest Sodium (1.70±0.10) and free Nitrogen (1.90±0.10) contents. The result of the investigations was discussed in line with the best substrates for the maximum production of Pleurotusostreatus fruit-bodies with better qualities. The investigation concluded that growing Pleurotusostreatus on A. gayanus straw produced the highest fruit-bodies among other substrates which will aid in the wide production of mushroom for market values. Generally, Pleurotusostreatus contain valuable nutritional properties. 

TABLE OF CONTENT

Title page ﾿ i

Declaration ﾿ ii

Certification ﾿ iii

Dedication ﾿ iv

Acknowledgement ﾿ v

Table of content ﾿ vi

List of Tables ﾿ ix

Abstract ﾿ x

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 ﾿ Introduction ﾿ 1

1.1 Taxonomic classification P. ostreatus(Oyster mushroom) ﾿ 3

1.2 Cultivation of Mushrom ﾿ 3

1.3 Edible Mushroom ﾿ 4

1.4 Economics importance of Mushroom ﾿ 5

1.6 Justification of Study ﾿ 6

1.7 Aims and objectives ﾿ 8

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature review ﾿ 9

2.1 Mushroom Cultivation ﾿ 9

2.2 Nutritional Compositions of Cultivated Mushrooms ﾿ 14

CHAPTER THREE

3.0 Materials and Methods ﾿ 16

3.1 Sources of starter culture (spawn) ﾿ 16

3.2 Location of study ﾿ 16

3.3 Experimental design ﾿ 16

3.4 Spawn Multiplication ﾿ 17

3.5 Substrate preparation ﾿ 17

3.6 Preparation of cropping room ﾿ 18

3.7 Inoculation of substrates ﾿ 18

3.8 Determination of yield and biological efficiency ﾿ 19

3.9 Sample Preparation ﾿ 19

3.10 Proximate Analysis ﾿ 19

3.10.1 Determination of crude protein ﾿ 19

3.10.2 Determination of moisture content ﾿ 20

3.10.3 Determination of the ash content of fruit bodies ﾿ 20

3.10.4 Determination of crude (dietary fibre) ﾿ 20

3.10.5 Determination of the carbohydrate content of the sample ﾿ 21

3.10.6 Determination of dry matter (DM) ﾿ 22

3.10.7 Determination of fats and oils ﾿ 22

3.12 Determination of mineral content of the dry samples of the Mushroom ﾿ 18

3.13 Statistical Analysis ﾿ 19

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 Results and Discussion ﾿ 28

4.1 Results ﾿ 28

4.2 Discussions ﾿ 31

CHAPTER FIVE ﾿

5.0 Conclusion and Recommendations ﾿ 35

5.1 Conclusion ﾿ 35

5.2 Recommendations ﾿ 35

REFERENCES ﾿ 37

APPENDIX ﾿ 44