ABSTRACT

Screening of kunun-zaki samples for Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Vancomycin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase producing Salmonella was investigated. A total of 40 samples were collected and a total of 19 Salmonella and 22 Staphylococcus aureus were isolated. The total Salmonella count ranged from 3.4 x 105 to 1.90 x 106 with a mean of 14.2 x 105 while the S.aureus count ranged from 3.4 x 105 to 1.58 x 106 with a mean of 184.5 x 105. All the isolated organisms were subjected to in-vitro antibiotic susceptibility test using Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. A total of 14 antibiotic discs namely Ceftazidime (CAZ 30μg), Cefuroxime (CRX 30μg), Gentamicin (GEN 10μg), Ciprofloxacin (CPR 5μg), Ofloxacin (OFL 5μg), Augumentin (AUG 30μg), Nitrofurantoin (NIT 300μg), Ampicillin (AMP 10μg), Imipenem (IMP 10μg), Erythromycin (E 30μg), Meropenem (MER 10μg), Vancomycin (VAN 10μg), Cloxicillin (CXC 5μg), and Oxacillin (OX 10μg) were used. Most of the Salmonella isolates were susceptible to Ceftazidime (94.7%) followed by Ofloxacin (89.5%) while they exhibited resistance to Meropenem (73.7%) and Imipenem (57.9%). Also the Salmonella isolates were screened for ESBL production in accordance to the CLSI breakpoint and 12(63.2) were positive. On subjection of the 12 isolates to double disc synergy test (DDST), 5 (41.7%) were confirmed to be ESBL producers. A good number of the S.aureus isolates were susceptible to Ofloxacin (95.5%) followed by Augumentin (72.7%) and when subjected to MRSA testing using Oxacillin, 9(40.9%) were resistant while 10(45.5%) and 3(13.6%) exhibited intermediate and susceptible results to Oxacillin respectively. VRSA were also confirmed when the isolates were subjected to Vancomycin antibiotic and 5(22.7%) isolates were resistant while 15(68.2%) and 2(9.1%) had intermediate and susceptible results respectively.