ABSTRACT
This study was aimed at determining the microbiological quality of some brands of locally produced cosmetics powders sold within Umuahia metropolis. A total of thirty (30) samples; fifteen (15) each of baby powder and adult powder with different manufacturing dates were randomly purchased in different markets in Umuahia, Abia State transferred to the laboratory and analysed. A 10 fold serial dilution was carried out followed by plating using standard spread plate method. From the result, it was observed that all the products were contaminated, having total viable count ranging from 3.50x106 – 1.35x107 cfu/ml for the adult powder and 4.90x106 – 1.37x107 cfu/g for the baby powder. Bacteria isolated from the adult powder were Staphlococcus spp 48%, Micrococcus spp. 4%, Streptococcus spp. 19%, Bacillus spp. 6%, Escherichia coli were not isolated from any of the adult powders. While bacterial isolates from the baby powders include Bacillus spp. 15%, Escherichia coli 4%, Micrococcus spp. 15%, Staphlococcus spp 39%, Streptococcus spp. 27%. Fungal isolates from the adult powders were Candida spp. 24%, Penicillium spp. 14%, Aspergillus spp. 33%, Rhizopus spp. 29% while fungal isolates from the baby powders were Rhizopus spp. 30%, Aspergillus spp. 30%, Trichoderma spp. 15%, Penicillium spp. 7%, Candida spp. 18%. From this study, it was established that these products analysed were more contaminated with bacteria than fungi. And also the baby powders studied are found to be more contaminated than the adult powders.T herefore, good manufacturing practices and hygiene must be carried out by manufacturers and personnel, water must be tested continuously for microbial growth, raw materials should be tested before use especially those of natural origin and cosmetic products should be stored in an aseptic environment to avoid contamination before vendinig in the markets.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE I
CERTIFICATION II
DEDICATION III
ACKNOWLEDGMENT IV
TABLE OF CONTENTS V
LIST OF TABLES VIII
ABSTRACT IX
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.2 Aims 5
1.3 Objectives 5
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW 6
2.1 Cosmetic 8
2.1.1 Cosmetic Ingredients 9
2.1.2 Types of Cosmetic Products 10
2.1.2.1 Solution Cosmetics 11
2.1.2.2 Cream/Emulsions 11
2.1.2.3 Lotions 11
2.1.2.4 Suspensions 12
2.1.2.5 Ointments/Pastes 12
2.1.2.6 Tablets and Capsules 12
2.1.2.7 Powders 13
2.1.2.8 Gels 13
2.1.2.9 Sticks 13
2.1.2.10 Aerosol 14
2.2 Cosmetic Powder 14
2.3 Components of Cosmetic Powder 15
2. 4 Importance of Cosmetic Powder 17
2.5 Micro-Organisms Associated with Cosmetic Powder 18
2.6 Preservation and Storage of Cosmetic Powder 19
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 MATERIAL AND METHOD 21
3.1 Sample Collection 21
3.2 Sterilization of Materials 21
3.3 preparation of Culture Media 21
3.4 Media Used 22
3.5 Preparation and Inoculation of Samples 22
3.6 Isolation and Enumeration of Micro-Organisms 22
3.7 Morphological and Biochemical Identification of Isolates 23
3.7.1 Gram Staining 24
3.8 Biochemical Tests 24
3.8.1 Catalase Test 24
3.8.2 Coagulase Test 24
3.8.3 Sugar Fermentation Test 25
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 RESULT 26
4.1 Characterization and Identification of Bacterial Isolates from the Cosmetic Powder Samples
4.2 Bacteriological Count of Baby Powder 28
4.3 Bacteriological Count of Adult Powder 29
4.4 Fungal Count of Baby Powder 30
4.5 Fungal Count of Adult Powder 31
4.6 Identification and Characterization of Fungal Isolates 32
4.7 Frequency of Occurrence of Bacterial Isolates form the Baby Powders 33
4.8 Frequency of Occurrence of Bacterial Isolates From Adult Powder 34
4.9 frequency of Occurrence of Fungal Isolates From Baby Powders 35
4.10 Frequency of Occurrence of Fungal Isolates in Adult Powders 36
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 DISCUSSION 37
5.1 Recommendation 39
5.2 conclusion 40
References
ABONYI, A (2020). Microbiological Quality Assessment Of Some Brands Of Locally Produced Cosmetic Powders Sold In Umuahia, Abia State.. Mouau.afribary.org: Retrieved Nov 30, 2024, from https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/microbiological-quality-assessment-of-some-brands-of-locally-produced-cosmetic-powders-sold-in-umuahia-abia-state
ABONYI, ABONYI. "Microbiological Quality Assessment Of Some Brands Of Locally Produced Cosmetic Powders Sold In Umuahia, Abia State." Mouau.afribary.org. Mouau.afribary.org, 09 Jun. 2020, https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/microbiological-quality-assessment-of-some-brands-of-locally-produced-cosmetic-powders-sold-in-umuahia-abia-state. Accessed 30 Nov. 2024.
ABONYI, ABONYI. "Microbiological Quality Assessment Of Some Brands Of Locally Produced Cosmetic Powders Sold In Umuahia, Abia State.". Mouau.afribary.org, Mouau.afribary.org, 09 Jun. 2020. Web. 30 Nov. 2024. < https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/microbiological-quality-assessment-of-some-brands-of-locally-produced-cosmetic-powders-sold-in-umuahia-abia-state >.
ABONYI, ABONYI. "Microbiological Quality Assessment Of Some Brands Of Locally Produced Cosmetic Powders Sold In Umuahia, Abia State." Mouau.afribary.org (2020). Accessed 30 Nov. 2024. https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/microbiological-quality-assessment-of-some-brands-of-locally-produced-cosmetic-powders-sold-in-umuahia-abia-state