ABSTRACT

Cellulases are the group of hydrolytic enzymes and are capable of degrading all types of cellulosic waste materials. Present study focuses on the isolation and screening of cellulolytic fungi and bacteria from the fish pond effluent in MOUAU. In this present study, cellulolytic bacterial strains were screened and isolated. Six isolates were found to be Gram positive. Which includes Bacillus spp, Micrococcus spp and Staphylococcus, Streptococcus and Gram negative bacterial isolates include E. coli, Proteus species, Klebsiella and Pseudomonas spp. While fungal isolates includes Penicillum species, Aspergillus species, Alternaria species yeast, Rhizopus, Trichoderma.

TABLE OF CONTENT

Certification i

Dedication ii

Acknowledgements iii

Table of contents iv

List of Tables vi

Abstract viii

CHAPTER ONE

1.1. INTRODUCTION 1

1.2. Cellulolytic fungi and bacteria 1

1.3. Aim of the Study 2

1.4. Objectives of the study 2

CHAPTER TWO

2.1 LITERATURE REVIEW 3

2.1.1 Recommendations for Managing Aquaculture Pond Effluents 5

2.2       Overview of Fungi 6

2.2.1.    Water associated fungi (aquatic fungi) 6

2.2.2     Fish Pond as fungi habitat 8

2.2.3 The Cellulolytic fungi                                                                                           8

2.3.     Overview of bacteria 9

2.3.1   Growth 9

2.3.2.   Factors that affect the generation time of bacteria 10

2.3.3  Importance of bacteria 11

2.3.4. The cellulolytic bacteria                                                                                11

CHAPTER THREE

MATERIALS AND METHODS 13

3.1 Sample Collection 13

3.2 Sample, and Sampling and Media Preparations 13

3.2.1 Sample Preparations. 13

3.3       preliminary screening of water samples for cellulolytic microorganism 14

3.4       Isolation of cellulolytic organisms 14

3.5.0    Characterization of isolates                                                                                   15

.3.5.1    Characterization of bacteria isolates 15

3.5.2    Colony Morphology test 15

3.5.3   Microscopic features. 15

3.6.1 Biochemical reaction test 15

3.6.2   Catalase Test 15

3.6.3 Oxidase Test 16

3.6.4    Coagulase Test 16

3.7.     Sugar utilization test 16

3.8.    Characterization of fungi 16

3.8.1   Identification of isolate 17

CHAPTER FOUR

4.1     RESULT 18

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1 DISCUSSION 24

5.2CONCLUSSION 26

5.3 RECOMMENDATION 27

REFERENCES 28

APPENDIX 32