ABSTRACT

This research work investigated the yield, nutritional and chemical composition of Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom grown on Adropogon gayanus straw boosted with Cassava, (Manihot esculenta, cranz) , Yam (Discorea esculenta) and Sweet  Potato (Ipomoea batatas) peels. Spawn of Pleurotus ostreatus used for the work was obtained from FIIRO Oshodi Lagos State, Nigeria. The substrates used for this study were Andropogon gayanus straw, Potato peels, Yam peels and Cassava peels. The result of the yield showed the stipe length, Pileus length and fresh weight, the cassava and potato peels supplementation substrates had a strong yield product in terms of fresh weight compared to single substrate of Andropogon straw, for the first and second flush. The highest fresh weight for flush one was 100.67 ± 1.16cm (Potato peels and Andropogon straw) and flush two 51.67 ± 12.86 also for the same substrate. Treatment effect was significant P ≤ 0.05 for the pileus length of the second flush. Biological efficiency of the mushroom culture showed that potato and Cassava supplemented substrates had the highest at 234.0%, 207% and 96.0% and 97.5% for first and second flushes respectively. There was a substantial amount of protein, fibre and ash which was as high as 29.63 ± 0.12cm, 13.7 ± 0.09cm and 17.03 ± 0.01 cm  for the mushroom samples, while Potato peels and Andropogon straw had the highest fat content at 5.20 ± 0.01cm.Yam peels and Andropogon gayanus straw had the highest carbohydrate content at 35.27 ± 0.46cm. Similarly Cassava and Andropogon gayanus straw had the highest moisture content. It must be noted that from this work we can not only conclude that mushroom grown on the substrates above have the potency of good yield and also nutritional content but also that, substrate supplementation aids good yield in mushroom cultivation.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page i

Certification ii

Declaration iii

Dedication iv

Acknowledgement v

Table of Content vi

List of Tables viii

Abstract ix

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1

1.1     What mushrooms are. 1

1.2.    World Production of Mushroom and its Market Value 3

1.3.    Mushroom as Food 4

1.4     Dietary Benefit of Mushroom 4

1.5.    Economic Importance of Mushrooms 5

1.6.    Pleurotus ostreatus 5

1.7.    Justification of Study 5

1.8.     Objectives of the Research 6

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW 8

CHAPTER THREE: MATERIALS AND METHODS 12

3.1.      Source of Spawn 12

3.2 Substrates 12

3.3 Substrate Preparation and Inoculation 12

3.4 Preparation of the Cropping Room 13

3.5 Inducement of the Fruit-Body Formation 13

3.6 Data Collection 14

3.7 Statistical Analysis 14

3.8 Determination of Yield Biological Efficiency 14

3.9       Proximate Composition of Fruit-Bodies Ground on Different Substrate 15

3.10     Preparation of the Sample for Analysis 15

3.11     Moisture Content Determination 15

3.12     Ash Content of Fruit-Bodies 16

3.13     Dietary Fibre 16

3.14     Crude Protein 17

3.15      Determination of Fats and Oils 17

3.16       Calculation of Carbohydrate Content of the Sample 18

CHAPTER FOUR: RESULT PRESENTATION 19

4.1: Results 19

CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION 24

5.1: Discussion 24

5.2 Conclusion ` 26

Reference 28

Appendix 32