ABSTRACT

This study was carried out to identify the phytochemical, antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of Monodora  myristica seed extract. Phytochemicals such as alkaloid, saponin, tannin, flavonoid, phenol, arthracyanin and cyanogenal glycoside were detected on different extract of the seed such as water, methanol, ethanol and acetone and result indicated the presence of these phytochemicals in their right proportion except for acetone extract which did not indicate the presence of saponin. Antibacterial activity conducted on the various extracts of the seed such as; water, ethanol, methanol and acetone indicated inhibition. Bacteria such as Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Eschrichia coli were used as the test organisms. Methanol extract of Staphylococcus aureus  indicated the highest inhibition of 17.33mm, while water extract of eschrichia coli indicated the lowest inhibition of 8.66mm. the minimum inhibition concentration(MIC) of the seed extract ranges from 100─200mg/ml. antioxidant assay was carried out using three methods; DDPH scavenging spectrophotometric method, chelating method and the ferric ion reducing activity. In the scavenging method, the percentage scarvenging antioxidant ranges from 37.68%─ 48.91%, while the chelating method ranges from 33.33%─44.72% and the reducing method ranges from 26.89%─46.06%. since the crude extract was able to inhibit the growth of organisms, this study validates the use of Monodora myristica in herbal medicine. 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page i

Certification ii

Dedication iii

Acknowledgements iv

Table of contents v

Lists of Tables vii

Abstract

CHAPTER ONE 

1.0 Introduction  1

1.1 Aims                                                                                        3                                                                    

1.2      Objectives                                                                                            3

CHAPTER TWO  

2.0      Literature Review  5

2.1 General descriptive of Monodra myristica  5

2.2 Health benefit                    7

2.3 Phytochemical 8

2.4      classes of phytochemical                                                                     8

2.5 Antimicrobial           13

2.6 Test organisms           14

2.7 Antioxidant           17

CHAPTER THREE  

3.0 Materials and Methods  18

3.1      Materials                            18

3.2.1    Methods                       18

3.2.2 Phytochemical Screening 18

3.2.3  Phytochemical Determination 21

3.2.4 Antimicrobial Screening 27

3.3 Antimicrobial Testing 29

3.4 Determination of MIC 29

3.5 Antioxidant 30

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 Results 31

CHAPTER FIVE 

5.0 Discussion, Conclusion and Recommendation 42

5.1 Discussion 42

5.2 Conclusion 44

5.3 Recommendation 45

References 46

  Appendices