Effect Of Environmental Accounting On The Performance Of Oil And Gas Companies In Nigeria (A Study Of Selected Oil And Gas Companies)

Ukaumunna Priscillia Nkeiruka | 67 pages (14348 words) | Projects

Abstract

The study focused on the effect of environmental accounting on the performance of oil and gas companies in Nigeria. The specific objectives of this study include; to examine the effect of environmental costs on performance of oil and gas companies in Nigeria; to assess the extent to which gas utilization, quantity of gas flared and quantity of oil spilled affect the output of oil and gas produced  in Nigeria;  and to critically appraise best practice  of environmental  cost  accounting  among  oil  and gas  companies  currently  operating  in Nigeria. The researcheremployedex-postfacto researchdesign, secondarydata was employed, and stratified sampling techniqueswere used. Thepopulation for this study comprises the 10 oil and gas exploration companies in Nigeria whose activities vehemently impacted on the environment. Sample  size  of  10  oil  and  gas  exploration  companies  in  Nigeria  was determined using Taro Yamane formula.  The study adopted the empirical methodological framework. After collection of the datafrom the secondary sources, the data were tabulated and statistically analyzed using  the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) analytical technique. Hypotheses were tested at 5% level of significance. Hypothesis one was tested using F-test, while hypotheses two, three, and four  were tested using T-test.  The findings  revealed that there exists a significant relationship between gas utilization and output of oil and gas produced in Nigeria. The estimated coefficient of quantity of gas flared  is negative. This shows that there exists a negative relationship between quantity of gas flared and output of oil and gas produced. Finally,  the coefficient of the quantity of oil spilled is negative, meaning that there exists a negative relationship between quantity of oil spilled and output of oil and gas produced   Therefore, the researcher concluded that oil spillage and gas flaring costs does not significantly affect the earnings per share of oil and gas companies in Nigeria.  Fines and penalties  tremendously affect earnings per  share of oil and gas companies in Nigeria. Generally, there are no standards guiding environmental costs in the oil and gas industries in Nigeria.


TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITTLEPAGE                                                                                           I 

DECLARATION                                                                                             ll

 CERTIFICATION                                                                               Ill

DEDICATION                                                                                                 IV

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS                                                                            v

 CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION                                                                                           1


1.1     Background  of the study                                                                                1

1.2     Statement  of the problem                                                                               2

1.3     Objectives  of the study                                                                                  4

1.4     Research  questions                                                                                         5

1.5     Research  hypotheses                                                                                       5

1.6     Significance  of the study                                                                               6

1.7     Scope of the study                                                                                          6

1.8     Organization  of the study                                                                              7

1.9     Definition  of terms                                                                                         7


CHAPTER TWO

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE                                                    9

2.1 Theoretical  framework       

2.1.1 Environmental   quality cost theory                                                                 9

2 .1.2  The triple bottom  line theory                                                                         10 

2.1.3  The social contract theory                                                                              11

2.3      Significance  of environmental  management  accounting                  11

2.4 Market valuation  of environmental  capital expenditure                                 12

2.4.1 Environmental   cost primer model                                                                  13

2.4.2 The cost benefit model                                                                                    13

2.5       Regulations,  standards  and codes on environment  in Nigeria                   14

2.5.1 Policy assessment                                                                                             15

2.5  .2 Mandatory  disclosure  for corporate  organizations  in Nigeria                     15

2.5 .3 Environmental   standards  in Nigeria                                                               16

2.6      Oil and gas production  in Nigeria                                                                 17

2.7     Frequency  of oil spillage  and gas flaring in Nigeria                                   17


CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY                                                                 19

3.1     Research  design                                                                                              19

3.2     Population  of the study                                                                                  19

3.3      Sample size and sampling procedure                                                           20

3.4     Method  of data collection  and data sources                                                20

3.4.1  Data sources                                                                                                    21

 3.4.2    Methods  of data collection                                                                          21

3.5     Validity  of the research  instrument                                                               21

3.6       Reliability  test of the instrument                                                                   21

3.8       Model  specification                                                                                        22

3.9     Techniques  of data analysis                                                                          24


CHAPTER FOUR

DATA  PRESENTATION,  ANALYSIS  AND DISCUSSION   OF FINDINGS

4.1     Data presentation                                                                                             25

4.2     Data analysis                                                                                                   36

4.3      Test of hypotheses                                                                                           39

4.4     Discussion  of findings                                                                                    41


CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY,   CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS                    43

5 .1       Summary  of findings                                                                                      43

5 .2     Conclusion                                                                                                       44

5.3     Recommendations                                                                                            44

REFERENCES                                                                                              46

APPENDIXES                                                                                                            52


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APA

UKAUMUNNA, N (2021). Effect Of Environmental Accounting On The Performance Of Oil And Gas Companies In Nigeria (A Study Of Selected Oil And Gas Companies). Mouau.afribary.org: Retrieved Oct 31, 2024, from https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/effect-of-environmental-accounting-on-the-performance-of-oil-and-gas-companies-in-nigeria-a-study-of-selected-oil-and-gas-companies-7-2

MLA 8th

NKEIRUKA, UKAUMUNNA. "Effect Of Environmental Accounting On The Performance Of Oil And Gas Companies In Nigeria (A Study Of Selected Oil And Gas Companies)" Mouau.afribary.org. Mouau.afribary.org, 29 Apr. 2021, https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/effect-of-environmental-accounting-on-the-performance-of-oil-and-gas-companies-in-nigeria-a-study-of-selected-oil-and-gas-companies-7-2. Accessed 31 Oct. 2024.

MLA7

NKEIRUKA, UKAUMUNNA. "Effect Of Environmental Accounting On The Performance Of Oil And Gas Companies In Nigeria (A Study Of Selected Oil And Gas Companies)". Mouau.afribary.org, Mouau.afribary.org, 29 Apr. 2021. Web. 31 Oct. 2024. < https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/effect-of-environmental-accounting-on-the-performance-of-oil-and-gas-companies-in-nigeria-a-study-of-selected-oil-and-gas-companies-7-2 >.

Chicago

NKEIRUKA, UKAUMUNNA. "Effect Of Environmental Accounting On The Performance Of Oil And Gas Companies In Nigeria (A Study Of Selected Oil And Gas Companies)" Mouau.afribary.org (2021). Accessed 31 Oct. 2024. https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/effect-of-environmental-accounting-on-the-performance-of-oil-and-gas-companies-in-nigeria-a-study-of-selected-oil-and-gas-companies-7-2

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