ABSTRACT

Environmental contamination due to solid waste mismanagement is a global issue. Open dumping and open burning are the main implemented waste treatment and final disposal systems, mainly visible in low-income countries. This paper reviews the main impacts of Anaerobic digestion as it affects pathogens in animal wastes focusing on biogas production and environmental issues. The activity of pathogens in the stages of biogas production to produce methane were also reviewed, focusing on how pathogens can be utilized while degraded to produce biogas. Results reported some of the likely factors that can affect biogas production and degradation of these pathogens. Many reviews were published in the literature review about biogas production, waste management, and animal pathogens. The narrative literature review assessed how anaerobic digestion can be used to degrade pathogens and produce biogas, reducing our reliance on fossil fuels and reducing greenhouse effects while dealing with waste management for sustainable development. The results and case studies presented can be of reference for scholars and stakeholders for quantifying the comprehensive impacts and for planning integrated solid waste management and biogas production for improving sustainability at a global level.