ABSTRACT
This study investigates the concentration of
heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Cd and As) in the soil and leachate from the unlined
dumpsite at Ubakala, Umuahia South L.G.A, Abia State, Nigeria. Soil samples
from different layers; 0-15cm, 15-30cm and 30-45cm, were collected from three
sampling locations, PA, PB. PC and a control site 300M away from the dumpsite,
PD. Leachate samples were also collected from leachate pools at the three
sampling locations; A, B, C. The soil and leachate samples were analysed using
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer, SPECTRA AA100. The mean concentration of
heavy metals for soil samples across the three sampling locations of the
dumpsite ranged from; 7.68±0.10 to 12.40±0.20mg/kg for Zinc, 0.60±0.10 to
3.29±0.10mg/kg for Lead, 0.60±0.10 to 9.45±0.20mg/kg for Cadmium and Arsenic ND
(not detected). The mean concentrations for leachate samples across the three
sampling locations of the dumpsite ranged from; 0.049±0.001 to 0.061±0.001mg/L
for Zinc, 0.023±0.001 to 0.056±0.001mg/L for Lead, 0.037±0.001 to
0.050±0.002mg/L for Cadmium, and Arsenic (ND) not detected. The mean
concentration of the heavy metals in the soil sample from the control site
ranged from 0.34±0.19 to 1.13±0.03mg/kg for Zinc, 0.74±0.05 to 1.45±0.14mg/kg
for Lead, 0.33±0.09 to 1.70±0.07mg/kg for Cadmium and Arsenic was not also
detected. The concentrations of heavy metals in the soil and leachate samples display
the following decreasing trend Zn> Cd> Pd. From the results, it was found
that the mean concentrations ofthe heavy metals in the soil ofthe control site
was significantly (p<0.05) lower than their concentrations in the dumpsite
soil and there were also significant differences in the heavy metal
concentrations among the three sampling locations PA, PB and PC of the
dumpsite, indicating uneven distribution of heavy metals across the dumpsite..
There is high mobility of the heavy metals down the soil profile (as the mean
concentrations increased down the soil depth) which indicates possible
underground water contamination. The results of this work have revealed that
the mean concentration of heavy metals investigated in the soil samples were
within the maximum tolerable levels proposed for agricultural soil by WHO
(1993) with the exception of cadmium which was higher than the maximum
tolerable limits (0.02- 0.5mg/kg), while the heavy metals found in leachate
were exceeding the allowable limits for Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water
Quality set by SON (2007) except for Zinc which is within the allowable limit.
These observations suggest that there is tendency of accumulation of these
metals in the future as the dumpsite represents a significant source of heavy
metal contamination ofsoil and underground water.
EZEKWUEME, E (2023). Determination of Heavy Metals (Zn, Pb ,Cd, As) Concentrations in the Soil and Leachate of the Municipal Open Dumpsite at Ubakala, Umuahia L.G.A, Abia State:- Ezekwueme, Obianuju I.. Mouau.afribary.org: Retrieved Dec 24, 2024, from https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/determination-of-heavy-metals-zn-pb-cd-as-concentrations-in-the-soil-and-leachate-of-the-municipal-open-dumpsite-at-ubakala-umuahia-lga-abia-state-ezekwueme-obianuju-i-7-2
EZEKWUEME, EZEKWUEME. "Determination of Heavy Metals (Zn, Pb ,Cd, As) Concentrations in the Soil and Leachate of the Municipal Open Dumpsite at Ubakala, Umuahia L.G.A, Abia State:- Ezekwueme, Obianuju I." Mouau.afribary.org. Mouau.afribary.org, 29 Nov. 2023, https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/determination-of-heavy-metals-zn-pb-cd-as-concentrations-in-the-soil-and-leachate-of-the-municipal-open-dumpsite-at-ubakala-umuahia-lga-abia-state-ezekwueme-obianuju-i-7-2. Accessed 24 Dec. 2024.
EZEKWUEME, EZEKWUEME. "Determination of Heavy Metals (Zn, Pb ,Cd, As) Concentrations in the Soil and Leachate of the Municipal Open Dumpsite at Ubakala, Umuahia L.G.A, Abia State:- Ezekwueme, Obianuju I.". Mouau.afribary.org, Mouau.afribary.org, 29 Nov. 2023. Web. 24 Dec. 2024. < https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/determination-of-heavy-metals-zn-pb-cd-as-concentrations-in-the-soil-and-leachate-of-the-municipal-open-dumpsite-at-ubakala-umuahia-lga-abia-state-ezekwueme-obianuju-i-7-2 >.
EZEKWUEME, EZEKWUEME. "Determination of Heavy Metals (Zn, Pb ,Cd, As) Concentrations in the Soil and Leachate of the Municipal Open Dumpsite at Ubakala, Umuahia L.G.A, Abia State:- Ezekwueme, Obianuju I." Mouau.afribary.org (2023). Accessed 24 Dec. 2024. https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/determination-of-heavy-metals-zn-pb-cd-as-concentrations-in-the-soil-and-leachate-of-the-municipal-open-dumpsite-at-ubakala-umuahia-lga-abia-state-ezekwueme-obianuju-i-7-2