ABSTRACT
The study "Audit as a Tool for Accountability in the Public Sectors: A case study of ministry information and strategy (MIS), Ahia State, centered on determining how auditing can improve accountability as well as determining the major roles auditors can play in combating the problem of lack of accountability in public sectors so as to encourage efficient and effective service delivery. In carrying out the research, hypotheses were stipulated, which basically questioned whether or not there is a significant relationship between auditing and accountability and also, the effect of limited professional accountants on accountability. To test these hypotheses, Chi• square statistical tool was employed. We found out that there is no effective auditing unit in the public sector and that there are fewer that no professional accountants/auditors in the public sectors who can effectively check fraud and fraudulent activities and ensure accountability in the Public Sector. It was also observed· that auditors can play the following roles to ensure accountability in the public sector if given the will; i) ascertaining the
reliability of accounting and other data developed within the ministry, ii) evaluating and monitoring transaction cycles, iii) investigating fraud and other irregularities, iv) evaluating control and operational efficiency and v) analyzing, measurement and reporting of operation. It was therefore recommended that Government should provide and adequately equip staff with electronic data processing and also maintains an environment within which internal auditors can have sufficient freedom to accompiish their task efficiently in other to restore accountability in the system .
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page;» = - = - = = = = = i
Declaration: = = =
Certification: - - - - - - - - - -
Dedication: =
CHAPTER ONE - INTRODUCTION
Overview: - ==============1-2
Statement of the Problems: = =
1.6. Significance of the study: - 6
1.7. Lilnitations of The Study: 7
CHAPTER TWO - LITERATURE REVIEW
2 .O.Introduction
2.1.Definition Of Auditing And Accountability= = = = 9
2.1.1. What Is Audit = =
2.l.2Definition Of Public· Accountability= = = =
2.1.3 What are financial Statement======
2.2. Types of Audit: = = = = =
2.2.1. Internal Audit:== = ===
2.2.2. Statutory Audit: - = =
2.2.3. Management Audit: = =
2.3. Audit Of Government Account:=====
2.3.1. The Accountant General:- - - - - - - - - -
2.3.2. The Auditor General: = == ==
2.3.3. Ministries And Department:===
2.4. Auditing And Increasing Fraud In Public Sector: = 21-22
2.5. The Need For Accountability: - - - .- - - - - -
2.6. Impediment Of Effective Accountability== =
2.7. Aids To Proper Accountability Of Public Funds== 24
2.7.1 Treasury Control:- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 24
2.7.2 Accounting Controls: 25
2.7.3 Audit Control·=============== 25-26
2.7.4 Administration Control. = = = = = 26
2.8 Need For Regular Auditing = = = == 26-27
2.9 Audit Techniques - - - - - - - - -
2.9.1 Inspection: = = = =
2.9.2 Computation: = = = = = = = = = = = 28
2.9.3 Observation: = = = = 28
2.9.4 Enquiry: ==== = = = = =
2.9.5 Confirmation: = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = 29
2.9.6 comparison: = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = 29
CHAPTER THREE -RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.0. Introduction: = = = = = - = 30
3.1. Area of study: - = - - -- = 30
3.2. Research Design: = = = = = = = 30
3.3. Sample procedures/ sample size dete rmmati on
3.4. Data collection method: = = = = = = = = = = 31
3.5. The Questionnaire design:= = = = - = = = 31-32
36. Operational measures to the variables: = = = 32
3.7. Data analysis techniques: = = = = = = = = 33-34
CHAPTER FOUR -PRESENTADON AND ANALYSIS OF DATA
4.1. Presentation and analysis of data= = = = = = = 36-49
4.2. Test of hypotheses: = = = = = = = = = = =49-50
4.2.l. Test of hypothesis one:== = = = = = = = 50-52
4.2.2. Test of hypothesis two: = = = = = = = = =52-54
4.4: Number Auditors 38
4.5: Performance of Auditors 3
.6: Factors Hindering Effective Auditing In Public Sectors 40
4.7: Evidence of Lack of Accountability 41
4.8: Factors Affecting Accountability 42
4.9: Effective Auditing a Solution to Lack of· Accountability 44
4.10: Effects of Lack of Accountability in Public Sectors 45
4.11: Role of Auditing in Ensuring Accountability 47
4.12: Audit, a Tool for Accountability in Public Sectors 49
4.13: Degrees of Freedom Values with Corresponding Critical
4.3.2: Chi-square Table
CHAPTERFIVE - SUMMARY OF FINDING, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5 .1. Summary of Findings: = = = = =55-57
5.2. Conclusion: = = = = = 58-59
5.3. Recommendations: = Bibliography
Glossary
Appendix
NWOGUCI-LLAMAKAENYINNE, M (2020). AUDIT AS A TOOL FOR ENHANCING ACCOUNTABILITY IN PUBLIC SECTOR ESTABLISHMENTS (A CASE STUDY OF MINISTRY OF INFORMATION AND STRATEGY, ABIA STATE). Mouau.afribary.org: Retrieved Nov 24, 2024, from https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/audit-as-a-tool-for-enhancing-accountability-in-public-sector-establishments-a-case-study-of-ministry-of-information-and-strategy-abia-state
MOUAU/08/11619, NWOGUCI-LLAMAKAENYINNE. "AUDIT AS A TOOL FOR ENHANCING ACCOUNTABILITY IN PUBLIC SECTOR ESTABLISHMENTS (A CASE STUDY OF MINISTRY OF INFORMATION AND STRATEGY, ABIA STATE)" Mouau.afribary.org. Mouau.afribary.org, 02 Apr. 2020, https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/audit-as-a-tool-for-enhancing-accountability-in-public-sector-establishments-a-case-study-of-ministry-of-information-and-strategy-abia-state. Accessed 24 Nov. 2024.
MOUAU/08/11619, NWOGUCI-LLAMAKAENYINNE. "AUDIT AS A TOOL FOR ENHANCING ACCOUNTABILITY IN PUBLIC SECTOR ESTABLISHMENTS (A CASE STUDY OF MINISTRY OF INFORMATION AND STRATEGY, ABIA STATE)". Mouau.afribary.org, Mouau.afribary.org, 02 Apr. 2020. Web. 24 Nov. 2024. < https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/audit-as-a-tool-for-enhancing-accountability-in-public-sector-establishments-a-case-study-of-ministry-of-information-and-strategy-abia-state >.
MOUAU/08/11619, NWOGUCI-LLAMAKAENYINNE. "AUDIT AS A TOOL FOR ENHANCING ACCOUNTABILITY IN PUBLIC SECTOR ESTABLISHMENTS (A CASE STUDY OF MINISTRY OF INFORMATION AND STRATEGY, ABIA STATE)" Mouau.afribary.org (2020). Accessed 24 Nov. 2024. https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/audit-as-a-tool-for-enhancing-accountability-in-public-sector-establishments-a-case-study-of-ministry-of-information-and-strategy-abia-state