ABSTRACT
The ethanol extracts of vernonia amyadalina and carica papaya leaves were tested against selected test organisms usin agar dilution method for determining and evaluating their antimicrobial activities. The test organisms used were staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Escherichia coli, ATCC 25922, enterococcus faecalis ATCC 7080 and salmonella typhi. The ethanol extract of vernonia amyadalina and carica papaya showed stron inhibition at 10,000µg¬/ml against s.areus ATCC25923 and E.faecalis ATCC7080 while for e.coli plants revealed the presence of saponins, tannins, flavonoids. The result of antibacterial assay, minimum inhibitory concentration (mic ) and minimum bacterial concentration (mbc) showed that the ethanol extracts from the plant possess significant level of antibacterial activities at varied concentrations against the test organisms, the extract of vernonia amygadalina had minimum inhibitory concentration range between 100ug/ml to 4000ug/ml against three of the test organisms and minimum bactericidal concentration ranged between 2000ug/ml to 5000ug/ml, while the extract of the carica papaya had minimum infibitory concentration range 9000ug/ml against three organisms and minimum bactericidal concentration ranged between 2000ug/ml to 10000ug/ml. the results of the work suggest that the ethanol leaves extract of vernonia amygdalina and carica papaya possess broad spectrum of antibacterial activities. The results validates the ethnomedicinal uses of these plants.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Table of content v
List of Tables vii
List of plates
Abstract ix
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction 1
1.2 Aims and Objectives 2
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review 5
2.1 Medicinal Plants 5
2.2 Phytomedicine 7
2.3 Review Of Some Phytochemicals 8
2.4 Ethnopharmacognotic Profile Of The Test Plants 11
2.4.1 Vernonia amygdalina 11
2.4.1.1 Pharmacology Of Vernonia amygdalina 12
2.4.2 Carica papaya 14
2.4.2.1 Pharmacology of Carica papaya 15
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Materials and methods 17
3.1 Collection of Plant Materials 17
3.2 Preparation of the Plant Material 19
3.3 Extraction Procedure 19
3.4 Source and Maintenance of Test Organisms 20
3.5. Preparation of Stock Solution of Extract 20
3.6 Agar Dilution Susceptibility Testing 21
3.7 Minimum Inhibitory Concentration 22
3.8 Qualitative Phytochemical Screening 23
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 RESULTS 25-31
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 DISCUSSION, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 32
5.1 Discussion 32
5.2 Conclusion 34
5.3 Recommendations 35
REFERENCES
ADAEZE, M (2020). Antimicrobial Activity Of Vernonia Amygdalina And Carica Papaya Against Some Pathogenic Bacteria . Mouau.afribary.org: Retrieved Nov 14, 2024, from https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/antimicrobial-activity-of-vernonia-amygdalina-and-carica-papaya-against-some-pathogenic-bacteria
MOUAU/12/23352, ADAEZE. "Antimicrobial Activity Of Vernonia Amygdalina And Carica Papaya Against Some Pathogenic Bacteria " Mouau.afribary.org. Mouau.afribary.org, 04 Jun. 2020, https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/antimicrobial-activity-of-vernonia-amygdalina-and-carica-papaya-against-some-pathogenic-bacteria. Accessed 14 Nov. 2024.
MOUAU/12/23352, ADAEZE. "Antimicrobial Activity Of Vernonia Amygdalina And Carica Papaya Against Some Pathogenic Bacteria ". Mouau.afribary.org, Mouau.afribary.org, 04 Jun. 2020. Web. 14 Nov. 2024. < https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/antimicrobial-activity-of-vernonia-amygdalina-and-carica-papaya-against-some-pathogenic-bacteria >.
MOUAU/12/23352, ADAEZE. "Antimicrobial Activity Of Vernonia Amygdalina And Carica Papaya Against Some Pathogenic Bacteria " Mouau.afribary.org (2020). Accessed 14 Nov. 2024. https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/antimicrobial-activity-of-vernonia-amygdalina-and-carica-papaya-against-some-pathogenic-bacteria