ABSTRACT
Resistance of microorganisms to antibiotics is a serious global problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of Cajanus cajan and Aspilia africana leaf extract using the agar diffusion method and to relate it to their constituents the type culture usesd in this work wer Escherichia coli(ATCC 25923) Enterococcus faecalis(ATCC 7080), Pseudomonas aeruginosa(ATCC 27853), Staphylococcus aureus(ATCC 25923) and Salmonella typhi. The susceptibility of the test organisms to the plant extracts and control antibiotics was performed. The control antibiotic used was Gentamicin, the solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) was also used as control.The ethanol extract of Cajanus cajan at 100mg/ml produced a zone of inhibition of 10mm against staphylococcus aureus and 12mm against Salmonella typhi.The ethanol extract of Cajanus cajan did not have any inhibitory activity on the other test organisms.The ethanol extract of Aspilia Africana did not have any antibacterial activity against all the test organisms. . The phytochemical screening of the plant extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, tannins and phenols except for the absence of steroids in both plant. Zone of inhibition range from 9.omm – 30.0mm. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration(MIC) values for Cajanus cajan against Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus ranges from 6.25mg/ml-12.5mg/ml and the minimum bactericidal concentration ranges from 12.5mg/ml-25mg/ml.These result show that the plant extract had some antibacterial activity against some of the test organism and this finding support the medicinal uses of this plant in traditional medicine.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgment .iv
Table of Contents .v
List of Tables’ vii
List of Figures viii
Abstract
Appendix
CHAPTER ONE
1.0. Introduction .1
1.1. Aims and objectives 4
CHAPTER TWO
2.0. Literature Review 5
2.1. General description of Cajanus cajan (plant) 5
2.2. Potential of Aspilia africana (plant) 7
2.3 Traditional use 8
2.4 Active chemical constituents of medicinal plant 8
2.5. Test organisms 11
CHAPTER THREE
3.0. Materials and method 15
3.1 Collection and identification of plant 15
3.2 Preparation of plant extracts 15
3.2.1 Ethanolic extract preparation 15
3.2.2: Preparation of the stock solution of extract 16
3:3 Test organisms 16
3.4. Media preparation 16
3.5. Determination of antimicrobial activity 16
3.5.1 Preparation of test organism (stock culture) 17
3.5.2. Antimicrobial testing 17
3.6. Determination of inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration 18
3.7. Qualitative phytochemical screening of plant extract 18
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0. Results 20
4.1. Antimicrobial activity of Cajanus cajan and Aspilia africana extracts 20
4.2. Phytochemical screening test 23
CHAPETR FIVE
5.0 Discussion 25
5.2 Recommendation 26
5.2 Conclusion 26
References
EHIOGU, E (2020). EVALUATION OF THE ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF EXTRACTS OF Cajanus cajan AND Aspilia africana . Mouau.afribary.org: Retrieved Nov 24, 2024, from https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/evaluation-of-the-antimicrobial-activities-of-extracts-of-cajanus-cajan-and-aspilia-africana
EHIOGU, EHIOGU. "EVALUATION OF THE ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF EXTRACTS OF Cajanus cajan AND Aspilia africana " Mouau.afribary.org. Mouau.afribary.org, 24 Apr. 2020, https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/evaluation-of-the-antimicrobial-activities-of-extracts-of-cajanus-cajan-and-aspilia-africana. Accessed 24 Nov. 2024.
EHIOGU, EHIOGU. "EVALUATION OF THE ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF EXTRACTS OF Cajanus cajan AND Aspilia africana ". Mouau.afribary.org, Mouau.afribary.org, 24 Apr. 2020. Web. 24 Nov. 2024. < https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/evaluation-of-the-antimicrobial-activities-of-extracts-of-cajanus-cajan-and-aspilia-africana >.
EHIOGU, EHIOGU. "EVALUATION OF THE ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF EXTRACTS OF Cajanus cajan AND Aspilia africana " Mouau.afribary.org (2020). Accessed 24 Nov. 2024. https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/evaluation-of-the-antimicrobial-activities-of-extracts-of-cajanus-cajan-and-aspilia-africana