ABSTRACT
Five samples each of Ogi, Ogiri, Ugba and Fermented Yoghurt were collected from different sites at Ahiaeke in Abia State, from which forty-eight organisms were isolated using spread plate method and belong to four genera and six species: Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus salivarius, Lactococcus lactis, Leuconostoc mesentroides, Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus sakei. Agar well diffusion method was used to test the isolated lactic acid bacteria on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi. The lactic acid bacterial were found to exhibit antibacterial activity against the pathogenic food organisms. The inhibition diameter obtained ranged between 6mm to 28mm. the highest inhibition was obtained from Lactobacillus sakei against Escherichia coli (28mm) and the smallest inhibition was obtained with Streptococcus thermophilus against Salmonella typhi (6mm), and no inhibition obtained with Streptococcus thermophilus against Staphylococcus aureus. The antimicrobial activity is attributed to bacteriocin, hydrogen peroxide, hypothiocyanate, lactic acid and fatty acid. Lactic acid bacterial have potential application for assuring and improving food quality and safety.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Table of contents v
Lists of table’s viii
Abstract ix
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Aim and Objectives 2
CHAPTER TWO
2.1 Literature review 3
2.2 Classification of lactic acid bacterial 4
2.3 Sources of lactic acid bacterial 5
2.3.1 Conditions for the growth of lactic acid bacterial 6
2.4 Mode of action of lactic acid bacterial 8
2.5 Uses of lactic acid bacterial 9
2.6 Lactic acid bacterial and food fermentation 10
2.6.1 Dairy products 11
2.6.2 Vegetables 12
2.7 Lactic acid bacterial as spoilage organisms 13
2.7.1 Wine spoilage 14
2.7.2 Beer spoilage 14
2.7.3 Milk spoilage 15
2.8 lactic acid bacterial as probiotic 15
2.8.1 Anticancer effects 16
2.8.2 Principal factors contributing to antimicrobial effect of lactic acid bacterial 17
2.9 Bacteriocins 17
2.9.1 Classification of bacteriocins 17
2.9.2 Synthesis of bacteriocins 20
2.10 Test Organisms 21
2.10.1 Escherichia coli 21
2.10.2 Staphylococcus aureus 22
2.10.3 Salmonella typhi 22
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Materials and methods 24
3.1 Sample collection 24
3.2Pathogenic organisms and Re-idetification 24
3.2.1 Methyl Red Test 24
3.2.2 Indoles Test 24
3.3 Media preparation 25
3.3.1 De Man Rogosa Sharpe (MRS) Broth 25
3.3.2 Mueller- Hinton Agar 25
3.3.3 Nutrient Agar 25
3.3.4 Salmonella shigella Agar (SSA) 25
3.4 Sample analysis 26
3.5 Isolated of lactic acid bacterial 26
3.6 Identification and characterization of isolates 26
3.6.1 Macroscopy 26
3.6.2 Microscopy 27
3.6.2.1 Gram stain 27
3.6.2.2 Motility Test 27
3.6.3 Biochemical Test 27
3.6.3.1 Catalase 27
3.6.3.2 Oxidase 28
3.6.3.3 Coagulase 28
3.6.3.4 Carbohydrate fermentation 28
3.7 Preparation of MRS Lactic acid Bacteria Broth 28
3.7.1 Preparation of Antimicrobial sensitivity disc with lactic acid bacteria Isolate 29
3.7.2 Preparation of control disc using Amoxylcillin 29
3.8 Selection of bacteriocin producing lactic acid bacterial 29
3.9 Screening for Antimicrobial Activity 30
CHAPTER FOUR
1.0 Results 31
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 Discussion 36
5.2 Conclusion 38
5.3 Recommendation 38
Reference
AMARACHI, M (2020). Evaluation Of Antimicrobial Activities Of Crude Broths Of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated From Fermented Foods. Mouau.afribary.org: Retrieved Nov 14, 2024, from https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/evaluation-of-antimicrobial-activities-of-crude-broths-of-lactic-acid-bacteria-isolated-from-fermented-foods
MOUAU/12/24389, AMARACHI. "Evaluation Of Antimicrobial Activities Of Crude Broths Of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated From Fermented Foods" Mouau.afribary.org. Mouau.afribary.org, 23 Jun. 2020, https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/evaluation-of-antimicrobial-activities-of-crude-broths-of-lactic-acid-bacteria-isolated-from-fermented-foods. Accessed 14 Nov. 2024.
MOUAU/12/24389, AMARACHI. "Evaluation Of Antimicrobial Activities Of Crude Broths Of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated From Fermented Foods". Mouau.afribary.org, Mouau.afribary.org, 23 Jun. 2020. Web. 14 Nov. 2024. < https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/evaluation-of-antimicrobial-activities-of-crude-broths-of-lactic-acid-bacteria-isolated-from-fermented-foods >.
MOUAU/12/24389, AMARACHI. "Evaluation Of Antimicrobial Activities Of Crude Broths Of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated From Fermented Foods" Mouau.afribary.org (2020). Accessed 14 Nov. 2024. https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/evaluation-of-antimicrobial-activities-of-crude-broths-of-lactic-acid-bacteria-isolated-from-fermented-foods