ABSTRACT
The utilization of cultural strategies has been proposed to suppress
plant diseases caused by pathogens. In 2019 cropping session, a field trial was
laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) to assess the incidence and
severity of leaf spot disease of eggplant (Solanum
gilo), to test the efficacy of crop (Zea
mays) companionship and soil amendments applications on the suppression of
leaf spot disease of eggplant and to ascertain the efficacy of botanicals on growth inhibition of leaf spot pathogens in Umudike, Abia State,
Nigeria. The soil amendments used were Palm Bunch Biochar, Moringa Leaf
Biochar, Poultry Manure Biochar, Organomineral Fertilizer (NP2O4
K2O 15:4:4) and Inorganic Fertilizer (NPK 15:15:15). At two
weekly intervals, 162 Kg/ha and 243 Kg/ha for fertilizers
and biochar respectively were applied.
The parameters
considered were disease incidence, disease severity, growth, yield components
and parameters. Samples of diseased leaves were taken from field to the
laboratory for isolation, characterization, identification of the pathogen,
pathogenicity test and pathogen inhibition. Application of soil amendments significantly (p
= 0.05) suppressed
leaf spot disease and promoted the yield components and yield of maize and
eggplant in both intercropping and sole cropping systems. The highest infection
percentage (71.34%) was recorded in control in sole cropping, while the lowest percent (8.83%) was recorded in
Poultry Manure Biochar and Inorganic Fertilizer in intercropping
system. The highest disease severity was recorded in
control (4.34%) in sole cropping while the lowest severity was recorded in
Poultry Manure Biochar (1.04%) in intercropping system. Pathogenicity
reveals that the high
incidence and severity of the disease
is due to the complex association of several pathogens causing spot disease in
Umudike. From the study, soil amendments such as
application of organomineral and inorganic fertilizer as well as application of
biochars significantly (p = 0.05) increased the height, number of leaves, number of branches,
leaf area and fruit yield over the control in both cropping systems. It was
observed that among the amendments, organic and inorganic fertilizer
significantly (p = 0.05)
increased yield components and yield than the biochar counterpart. Among the
biochars, Poultry Manure Biochar had better plant parameters and disease
conditions than Palm Bunch Biochar, Moringa Leaf Biochar and the control. The
study also showed the promising potentials of intercropping in leaf spot
disease suppression and suggested that the effectiveness in disease control is
likely the outcome of interactions between numerous mechanisms. The
studies further showed that extract of A.
indica root, Z. officinale rhizome, M. olifeira root
and C. papaya root have
the potential (p = 0.05) to inhibit
radial growth of leaf spot
pathogens of eggplant in-vitro.
MICHAEL, U (2023). Effect Of Soil Amendments And Botanicals On The Control Of Leaf Spot Disease Of Eggplant (Solanum gilo RADDI.) In Eggplant And Maize (Zea mays L.) Intercrop In Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria.. Mouau.afribary.org: Retrieved Nov 14, 2024, from https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/effect-of-soil-amendments-and-botanicals-on-the-control-of-leaf-spot-disease-of-eggplant-solanum-gilo-raddi-in-eggplant-and-maize-zea-mays-l-intercrop-in-umudike-abia-state-nigeria-7-2
UNIVERSITY, MICHAEL. "Effect Of Soil Amendments And Botanicals On The Control Of Leaf Spot Disease Of Eggplant (Solanum gilo RADDI.) In Eggplant And Maize (Zea mays L.) Intercrop In Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria." Mouau.afribary.org. Mouau.afribary.org, 22 Jun. 2023, https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/effect-of-soil-amendments-and-botanicals-on-the-control-of-leaf-spot-disease-of-eggplant-solanum-gilo-raddi-in-eggplant-and-maize-zea-mays-l-intercrop-in-umudike-abia-state-nigeria-7-2. Accessed 14 Nov. 2024.
UNIVERSITY, MICHAEL. "Effect Of Soil Amendments And Botanicals On The Control Of Leaf Spot Disease Of Eggplant (Solanum gilo RADDI.) In Eggplant And Maize (Zea mays L.) Intercrop In Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria.". Mouau.afribary.org, Mouau.afribary.org, 22 Jun. 2023. Web. 14 Nov. 2024. < https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/effect-of-soil-amendments-and-botanicals-on-the-control-of-leaf-spot-disease-of-eggplant-solanum-gilo-raddi-in-eggplant-and-maize-zea-mays-l-intercrop-in-umudike-abia-state-nigeria-7-2 >.
UNIVERSITY, MICHAEL. "Effect Of Soil Amendments And Botanicals On The Control Of Leaf Spot Disease Of Eggplant (Solanum gilo RADDI.) In Eggplant And Maize (Zea mays L.) Intercrop In Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria." Mouau.afribary.org (2023). Accessed 14 Nov. 2024. https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/effect-of-soil-amendments-and-botanicals-on-the-control-of-leaf-spot-disease-of-eggplant-solanum-gilo-raddi-in-eggplant-and-maize-zea-mays-l-intercrop-in-umudike-abia-state-nigeria-7-2