Development And Performance Analysis Of Forced Vortex Apparatus
ABSTRACT
Vortices
are the major component of turbulent flow; the phenomenon is ubiquitous. The
quest to study the phenomenon however is being limited by the lack of
laboratory equipment to enhance the study. Vortex apparatus enables students
and researchers to produce both free and forced vortices and measure the vortex
surface profile. Studying natural phenomena such as hurricanes, tornadoes, and
whirlpools (free vortices) requires a full understanding of vortex behaviour.
The vortex apparatus when manufactured locally will ensure that it is readily
available in a most Nigerian university, hence promoting the knowledge and
application of vortex and vortex shedding. The apparatus consists of the
Hydraulic bench, cylinder vessels, valves, pipes, push-in orifice, impeller,
and electric pump. While the material used was water source able from around
the environment.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title - - - - - - - - - - - i
Declaration - - - - - - - - - - iii
Certification - - - - - - - - - - iv
Dedication - - - - - - - - - - v
Acknowledgement - - - - - - - - - vi
Abstract - - - - - - - - - - vii
Table
of Content - - - - - - - - - viii
List
of Tables - - - - - - - - - - xi
List
of Figures - - - - - - - - - - xii
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background of Study………………………………………………………………………………...……………………1
1.2
Statement of Problem………………………………………………………………………………...……………………2
1.3
Aims and Objective………………………………………………………………………………...……………………...3
1.4
Scope of Study………………………………………………………………………………...…………………………….3
1.5
Justification………………………………………………………………………………...…………………………………….3
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Vortex ………………………………………………………………………………...……………………………………………….4
2.2 Types of Vortex Flow………………………………………………………………………………...…….…………………6
2.3 Vortex Apparatus………………………………………………………………………………...……………….…………………7
2.4 Theoretical Considerations……………………………………………………………………………...……………………8
2.5 Empirical Literature Review………………………………………………………………………………...………………11
2.6 Gap in Literature……………………………………………………………………………...………………………………….17
CHAPTER THREE: MATERIALS AND METHODS
3.1 Materials………………………………………………………………………………...……………………………………………19
3.2 Design Methodology and Analysis of the
Vortex Apparatus ………………………………………19
3.3 Description/Experimental Procedure of the
Vortex Apparatus……………………………………20
3.3.1 Determination of Measurement Techniques…………………………………………………………………21
3.3.2 Experimental Procedure for Free Vortex………………………………………………………………………23
3.3.3 Experimental Procedure for Forced Vortex…………………………………………………………………24
CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Result Analysis………………………………………………………………………………...……………………………26
4.2 Effect of Orifice Sizes ………………………………………………………………………………...……………………26
4.3 Effect of The Orifice Settings ………………………………………………………………………………...…………28
4.4 Effect of The Forced Vortex Equipment at
Minimum and Maximum Speed of Water Flow………………………………………………………………………………...………………………………………………………………...30
4.5 Bill of Engineering Measurement and
Evaluation (BEME)
……………………………………………33
CHAPTER FIVE: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Conclusions………………………………………………………………………………...…………………………………34
5.1.1 Contribution to Knowledge………………………………………………………………………………...…………34
5.2 Recommendations………………………………………………………………………………...……………………….34
REFERENCES………………………………………………………………………………...………………………………………….35
LIST OF TABLES
Table 4.1: Vortex diameter formed with
respect to orifice size for free vortex - -23
Table 4.2: Vortex diameter formed with
respect to orifice size for force vortex - -24
Table 4.3: Resultant effect of orifice
angle of inclination to the cylinder for free vortex -25
Table 4.4: Resultant effect of orifice
angle of inclination to the cylinder for force vortex -26
Table 4.5: Experimental and Analytical Results Showing the Performance of
the Forced
Vortex
Equipment at Minimum - - - - - - - -27
Table 4.6: Experimental and Analytical Results Showing the Performance of
the Forced
Vortex
Equipment at Maximum - - - - - - - -27
LIST OF FIGURES
Fig. 1: Parabolic Head developed in a
Forced Vortex - - - - -7
Figure.
3.1: Isometric view of the vortex apparatus - - - - - -17
Figure
3.2: dimensioned view of the assembled machine - - - - -17
Fig. 4.1: Effect of orifice size to the
diameter of the vortex using free vortex apparatus -24
Fig. 4.2: Effect of orifice size to the
diameter of the vortex using force vortex apparatus -25
Fig. 4.3: Experimental and Analytical Results Showing the Performance of the
Forced
Vortex Equipment at Minimum - - - - - - - 28
Fig. 4.4: Experimental and Analytical Results Showing the Performance of the
Forced
at Maximum - - - - - - - - - - -29
0.0
IKECHUKWU, A (2023). Development And Performance Analysis Of Forced Vortex Apparatus. Mouau.afribary.org: Retrieved Dec 22, 2024, from https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/development-and-performance-analysis-of-forced-vortex-apparatus-7-2
AUGUSTINE, IKECHUKWU. "Development And Performance Analysis Of Forced Vortex Apparatus" Mouau.afribary.org. Mouau.afribary.org, 15 Aug. 2023, https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/development-and-performance-analysis-of-forced-vortex-apparatus-7-2. Accessed 22 Dec. 2024.
AUGUSTINE, IKECHUKWU. "Development And Performance Analysis Of Forced Vortex Apparatus". Mouau.afribary.org, Mouau.afribary.org, 15 Aug. 2023. Web. 22 Dec. 2024. < https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/development-and-performance-analysis-of-forced-vortex-apparatus-7-2 >.
AUGUSTINE, IKECHUKWU. "Development And Performance Analysis Of Forced Vortex Apparatus" Mouau.afribary.org (2023). Accessed 22 Dec. 2024. https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/development-and-performance-analysis-of-forced-vortex-apparatus-7-2