ABSTRACT
In this study a total number of 70 samples were collected from different individuals while 34(48.5%) urine samples were from males, 36(51.4%) were females. 32(45.7%) were found positive for urinary tract infections. The most prevalent isolate was Escherichia coli (75%), followed by Proteus mirabilis (12.5%), and the least isolates were Klebsiella pneumoniae (6.2%) and Staphylococcus saprophyticus(6.2%). The urine samples were cultured using cysteine lactose electrolyte deficient medium (CLED), Blood agar and MacConkey agar. Biochemical tests and gram staining were done to identify the isolates. Antimicrobial sensitivity testing was carried out by disc diffusion technique using antibiotic agents such as aminoglycosides (Gentamicin and Streptomycin) and fluoroquinolones (Ofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin) repectively, to determine the invitro sensitivity pattern of the isolates. The results obtained shows that among the isolates tested, maximum susceptibility was found for fluoroquinolone agents than those of aminoglycosides.
TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGES
Title page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Table contents v
List of table viii
List of figures ix
Abstract x
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction 1
1.1 Aim and Objectives 4
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review 5
2.1 UTI in Pregnancy 8
2.2 Hospital Acquired UTI 10
2.3 UTI in Geriatric Patient 11
2.4 Isolates 11
2.5 Antimicrobial resistance among UTI pathogens 12
2.6 UTI Therapy 14
2.6.1 Fluoroquinolones 14
2.6.1.1 General Structure 15
2.6.1.2 Drug-Drug Resistance 15
2.6.1.3 Mechanism of Resistance 16
2.6.1.4 Effects of Quinolones on Bacteria 16
2.6.1.5 Use of Quinolone in the Treatment of UTI 17
2.6.2 Aminoglycosides 18
2.6.2.1 Mechanism of action 18
2.6.2.2 Route of Administration 19
2.6.2.3 Use of Aminoglycosides in the Treatment UTI 19
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Materials and Methods 21
3.1 Study Area 21
3.2 Sample Collection 21
3.3 Sterilization of Media and Materials 21
3.4 Inoculation of Urine Sample and Isolation of Bacterial Isolates 22
3.5 Microscopy 22
3.6 Identification and Characterization of Isolates 23
3.7 Antibiotic Sensitivity Testing 23
3.8 Biochemical Test 23
3.8.1 Catalase Tests 23
3.8.2 Coagulase Test 24
3.8.3 Citrate Test 24
3.8.4 Indole Test 25
3.8.5 Methyl red Test 25
3.8.6 Voges – Proskauer Test 25
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Results 26
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Discussion 34
5.1 Recommendation 36
5.2 Conclusion 37
References 38
MUNACHIMSO, M (2020). COMPARISON OF THE IN/VITRO SENSITIVITY TESTING OF AMINOGLYCOSIDES AGAINST FLUOROQUINOLONE AGENTS IN URINARY TRACT INFECTION ISOLATES. Mouau.afribary.org: Retrieved Nov 24, 2024, from https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/comparison-of-the-in-vitro-sensitivity-testing-of-aminoglycosides-against-fluoroquinolone-agents-in-urinary-tract-infection-isolates
MOUAU/11/18576, MUNACHIMSO. "COMPARISON OF THE IN/VITRO SENSITIVITY TESTING OF AMINOGLYCOSIDES AGAINST FLUOROQUINOLONE AGENTS IN URINARY TRACT INFECTION ISOLATES" Mouau.afribary.org. Mouau.afribary.org, 28 Apr. 2020, https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/comparison-of-the-in-vitro-sensitivity-testing-of-aminoglycosides-against-fluoroquinolone-agents-in-urinary-tract-infection-isolates. Accessed 24 Nov. 2024.
MOUAU/11/18576, MUNACHIMSO. "COMPARISON OF THE IN/VITRO SENSITIVITY TESTING OF AMINOGLYCOSIDES AGAINST FLUOROQUINOLONE AGENTS IN URINARY TRACT INFECTION ISOLATES". Mouau.afribary.org, Mouau.afribary.org, 28 Apr. 2020. Web. 24 Nov. 2024. < https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/comparison-of-the-in-vitro-sensitivity-testing-of-aminoglycosides-against-fluoroquinolone-agents-in-urinary-tract-infection-isolates >.
MOUAU/11/18576, MUNACHIMSO. "COMPARISON OF THE IN/VITRO SENSITIVITY TESTING OF AMINOGLYCOSIDES AGAINST FLUOROQUINOLONE AGENTS IN URINARY TRACT INFECTION ISOLATES" Mouau.afribary.org (2020). Accessed 24 Nov. 2024. https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/comparison-of-the-in-vitro-sensitivity-testing-of-aminoglycosides-against-fluoroquinolone-agents-in-urinary-tract-infection-isolates