ABSTRACT
Assessment of the microbial and physicochemical qualities of Umuosoro stream in NnonoOboro was carried out. Three sample water were collected from three stations of the stream. Pour plate techniques was employed. The total heterotrophic bacterial count ranged from 7.6×103 cfu/ml - 1.61×104 cfu/ml, Salmonella-shigella count ranged from 1.2S×102 cfu/ml -2.3×102 cfu/ml,E.colicount rangedfrom 1.8×103 cfu/ml -3.2x103 cfu/ml,fungalcount rangedfrom 0.9×103cfu/ml -1.3x103 cfu/ml, coliform counts ranged from 2.4×10 3cfu/ml - 3.6×103 cfu/ml, Vibrio cholerae count ranged from 0.4×102cfu/ml - 0.8×102 cfu/ml.Thebacterial isolates and their percentage occurrence are Escherichia coli11(15.94%), Staphylococcus aureus 16(23.19%), Klebsiella species 4(5.79%), Proteus mirabilis 8(11.59%), Enterobacter species 9(13.04%), Streptococcus species 3(4.35%),Salmonellaspecies 6(8.69%), and Vibriocholerae 12(17.39%). The fungal isolates and their percentage of occurrence are Aspergillus species 7(36.84%),Rhizopusspecies 1(5.26%) and Saccharomyces species 11(57.89%). The values of physicochemical parameters of the water samples were as follows: pH 7.6, total hardness 15.48-30.07mg/L, temperature 26.8-29°C, total dissolved solids 215-420mg/L, Alkalinity 12.6-34.00mg/L Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) 2.76-4.0mg/L, Nitrate 23 - 42mg/l, phosphate 2.4-8.06mg/L, Sulphate 211-248mgL, Calcium 18.40-23.14mg/L,totalsuspended solids 72-140mg/L, turbidity 0.01-0.42mg/L, colour and odour of the stream water samples were not objectable (odourless). The microbial results of this stream shows that it wascontaminated and needs to be treated before humanconsumption.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Table of Contents v
List of Tables viii
Abstract i x
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Aims and Objective 3
1.2 Problem 3
1.3 Justification 4
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW 5
2.1 Water 5
2.2 Sources of Water 6
2.2.1 Surface Water 6
2.2.2 Ground Water 6
2.2.3 Atmospheric Water 7
2.3 Water Quality Assessment 7
2.3.1 Physical Qualities of Water 7
2.4 Chemical Qualities of Water 10
2.4.1 Cations 10
2.4.2 Anions 13
2.5 Microbiological Qualities of Water 14
2.5.1Indicator Organisms 14
CHAPTER THREE: MATERIALS AND METHODS
3.1 Study Area 17
3.2 Sample Collection 17
3.3 Media Preparation 19
3.4 Microbiological Analysis 19
3.5 Enumeration of Fungi and Bacteria 20
3.6 Identification and Characteristics of Isolation 20
3.7 Biochemical Test 22
3.8 Carbohydrate Utilization Test 25
3.9 Physiochemical Analysis 26
3.9.1. Determination of pH 27
3.9.2. Temperature 27
3.9.3. Total Dissolved Solid 27
3.9.4 Total Dissolved Oxygen 27
3.9.5. Total Hardness 28
3.9.6. Alkalinity 28
3.9.7. Determination of sulphate 28
3.9.8. Determination of Nitrate 28
CHAPTER FOUR:RESULTS
4.0 Results 31
CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Discussion 38
5.2 Conclusion 40
5.3 Recommendation 41
REFERRENCES
APPENDIX
CHIJIOKE, C (2020). ASSESSMENT OF THE MICROBIAL AND PHYSIOCHEMICAL QUALITIES OF UMUOSORO STREAM IN NNONO OBORO, IKWUANO L.G.A OF ABIA STATE, NIGERIA.. Mouau.afribary.org: Retrieved Nov 24, 2024, from https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/assessment-of-the-microbial-and-physiochemical-qualities-of-umuosoro-stream-in-nnono-oboro-ikwuano-l-g-a-of-abia-state-nigeria
CHIJIOKE, CHIJIOKE. "ASSESSMENT OF THE MICROBIAL AND PHYSIOCHEMICAL QUALITIES OF UMUOSORO STREAM IN NNONO OBORO, IKWUANO L.G.A OF ABIA STATE, NIGERIA." Mouau.afribary.org. Mouau.afribary.org, 29 Apr. 2020, https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/assessment-of-the-microbial-and-physiochemical-qualities-of-umuosoro-stream-in-nnono-oboro-ikwuano-l-g-a-of-abia-state-nigeria. Accessed 24 Nov. 2024.
CHIJIOKE, CHIJIOKE. "ASSESSMENT OF THE MICROBIAL AND PHYSIOCHEMICAL QUALITIES OF UMUOSORO STREAM IN NNONO OBORO, IKWUANO L.G.A OF ABIA STATE, NIGERIA.". Mouau.afribary.org, Mouau.afribary.org, 29 Apr. 2020. Web. 24 Nov. 2024. < https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/assessment-of-the-microbial-and-physiochemical-qualities-of-umuosoro-stream-in-nnono-oboro-ikwuano-l-g-a-of-abia-state-nigeria >.
CHIJIOKE, CHIJIOKE. "ASSESSMENT OF THE MICROBIAL AND PHYSIOCHEMICAL QUALITIES OF UMUOSORO STREAM IN NNONO OBORO, IKWUANO L.G.A OF ABIA STATE, NIGERIA." Mouau.afribary.org (2020). Accessed 24 Nov. 2024. https://repository.mouau.edu.ng/work/view/assessment-of-the-microbial-and-physiochemical-qualities-of-umuosoro-stream-in-nnono-oboro-ikwuano-l-g-a-of-abia-state-nigeria